Today the market is flooded with a variety of Television sets- LCD TVs, LED TVs. Plasma TVs. Many of the television sets seem similar, but what are the different features that make one television set more appealing than the other to a customer. To select a right TV some things are to be considered that includes Size, technology & frame rate. By knowing these basics we would be able to guide our customers better.
Smart TVs: A Smart TV is any TV that has internet access built in allowing it to access a range of online services including video on demand, social networking and instant messaging.
1) Screen Size- Diagonal length of the screen.
2) Effective Display Area- Actual image display area.
3) Aspect Ratio- Ratio between length and height of screen
All about pixel and resolution-
Pixel is the individual dots that are used to create an image Thus, pixel are the basic building blocks of digital image.
Resolution- Resolution helps tell how many pixels fit the screen.
SD, HD &Full HD:
Standard Definition (SD) TVs have 720 x 576 pixels.
High Definition (HD Ready) TV screens have twice as many pixels- 1366x 768
Full HD have around 1920 x 1080 pixels.
Ultra HD / 4K
4K denotes a very specific display resolution of 3840 x 2160.
Also known as UHD (Ultra High Definition)
With four times higher resolution than Full HD, UHD increase the realism of the viewing experience.
Brightness-
It refers to how bright an image can be on your TV. High brightness is required when the room where the TV is placed is very bright.
Contrast ratio
Contrast ratio is the difference between black and white color displayed on TV. The higher the contrast ratio, black shades appear blacker and whites get whiter.
Contrast ratio simply means capacity of a panel to show number of color shades of a single col or tone. More the contrast ratio more natural is the picture.
Frame Rate:
Having a higher Frame Rate helps reduce blurring and the viewer gets a better experience when watching fast moving scenes like sports or playing games.
Response time: Response Time is the difference between 2 frames. Hence, it is a measure of how long a display takes to change the image. Response time is measured in milliseconds.
Viewing angle
Viewing angle of a television is the maximum angle at which the display can be viewed with acceptable visual performance.
For good viewing,it is essential that the vertical viewing angle of a television, is also taken into consideration. When placing the television, care should be taken, that the line of sight stays within the 15 degree angle.
The technology used in LED display is same as that of LCD displays. The only difference is of the BACK LIGHT used.
Backlight used in LCD TVs is CCFL lamps.
Back light used in LED TVs is LED lamps.
Types of LED TVs
Edge LED and Direct LED
Technology used in Plasma TVs:
The basic idea of a plasma display is to illuminate tiny colored fluorescent lights to form an image.
Each pixel is made up of three fluorescent lights - - a RED light, a GREEN light and a BLUE light.
Just like a CRT television, the plasma display varies the intensities of the different lights to produce a full range of colors.
Connectivity:
1) VGA cable is used to connect laptops to televisions. It pro vides only video signals. The audio needs to be connected separately.
2) Composite connection is the audio video connection. It consists of yellow (Video) white and red (Audio) cables. This pro vides SD picture quality.
3) A total of 5 cables needed for a Component connectivity i e 3 for video (RGB) and 2 for audio (Red & White). The quality of output is almost as good as that of an HD
4) S- Video is used to connect laptops or DVD players to TVs. It provides only video input and audio cables need to be connect ed separately.
5) HDMI provides digital interface that enables 100% transmissions of both visual and audio signals. It supports upto 8 multi channel digital audio.
6) USB Port lets you hook an external hard drive to show pictures, videos and even play games through the TV. In other cases you could use the USB socket to hook up a wireless dongle, giving your TV access to your home Wi-Fi network.
Common features found in televisions:
3) MHL allows sharing of content without a computer. Just plug in from any digital device that supports a USB connection.
2) Screen Mirroring connects the phone to the TV wirelessly, without any connecting cables. User sees exactly what's on the phone or tablet's screen displayed on bigger screen with sound from the phone reproduced loud and clear through TV speaker. This works with any Mira cast compatible android smart phone.
3) DLNA Digital Living Network Alliance helps share unlimited photos, videos and music stored in compatible devices. Sharing can be done between devices which are certified by DLNA. Sharing can be done between devices which are certified by DLNA.
4) USB Support: Photos, music and videos can be played directly from flash drive. All mass storage devices supported. Many televisions support Hard drive up to 500GB.
1)Multiply the TV screen size by 1.2 (minimum distance) and 1.9 (maximum distance) respectively
2) Divide the result by 12 to get the minimum and maximum viewing distance.
Types Of Television
LCD TVs, LED TVs, PDP TVsSmart TVs: A Smart TV is any TV that has internet access built in allowing it to access a range of online services including video on demand, social networking and instant messaging.
Benefits of Smart TVs.
- Access a wide range of Apps
- Connect TV with Wi-Fi network
- Access to internet on a bigger screen
- watch On- Demand content from YouTube.
1) Screen Size- Diagonal length of the screen.
2) Effective Display Area- Actual image display area.
3) Aspect Ratio- Ratio between length and height of screen
All about pixel and resolution-
Pixel is the individual dots that are used to create an image Thus, pixel are the basic building blocks of digital image.
Resolution- Resolution helps tell how many pixels fit the screen.
- 640, 1280 & 1920 are the respective number of pixels that fit the screen horizontally
- 480,720 & 1920 are the respective number of pixels that fit the screen vertically
SD, HD &Full HD:
Standard Definition (SD) TVs have 720 x 576 pixels.
High Definition (HD Ready) TV screens have twice as many pixels- 1366x 768
Full HD have around 1920 x 1080 pixels.
Ultra HD / 4K
4K denotes a very specific display resolution of 3840 x 2160.
Also known as UHD (Ultra High Definition)
With four times higher resolution than Full HD, UHD increase the realism of the viewing experience.
Brightness-
It refers to how bright an image can be on your TV. High brightness is required when the room where the TV is placed is very bright.
Contrast ratio
Contrast ratio is the difference between black and white color displayed on TV. The higher the contrast ratio, black shades appear blacker and whites get whiter.
Contrast ratio simply means capacity of a panel to show number of color shades of a single col or tone. More the contrast ratio more natural is the picture.
Frame Rate:
Having a higher Frame Rate helps reduce blurring and the viewer gets a better experience when watching fast moving scenes like sports or playing games.
- LCD- 100HZ to 200HZ (Frame rate)
- LED- 100HZ to 200HZ (Frame rate)
- Plasma- 600HZ sub field drive (Frame rate)
- 3D TVs- 100HZ to 400HZ (Frame rate)
Response time: Response Time is the difference between 2 frames. Hence, it is a measure of how long a display takes to change the image. Response time is measured in milliseconds.
Viewing angle
Viewing angle of a television is the maximum angle at which the display can be viewed with acceptable visual performance.
For good viewing,it is essential that the vertical viewing angle of a television, is also taken into consideration. When placing the television, care should be taken, that the line of sight stays within the 15 degree angle.
Technology used in a Liqiud Crystal Display (LCD) TV.
In an LCD TV, layers of Polarised glass encase a layer of Liquid Crystal.- The Liquid Crystal Layer is stimulated by an electrical current, causing individual pixel to either shut out light, or let it paas through.
- In this way each pixel can be either light or dark. The use of colour filters gives the necessary red, green and blue light in order to create a colourful image.
The technology used in LED display is same as that of LCD displays. The only difference is of the BACK LIGHT used.
Backlight used in LCD TVs is CCFL lamps.
Back light used in LED TVs is LED lamps.
Types of LED TVs
Edge LED and Direct LED
Technology used in Plasma TVs:
The basic idea of a plasma display is to illuminate tiny colored fluorescent lights to form an image.
Each pixel is made up of three fluorescent lights - - a RED light, a GREEN light and a BLUE light.
Just like a CRT television, the plasma display varies the intensities of the different lights to produce a full range of colors.
Connectivity:
1) VGA cable is used to connect laptops to televisions. It pro vides only video signals. The audio needs to be connected separately.
2) Composite connection is the audio video connection. It consists of yellow (Video) white and red (Audio) cables. This pro vides SD picture quality.
3) A total of 5 cables needed for a Component connectivity i e 3 for video (RGB) and 2 for audio (Red & White). The quality of output is almost as good as that of an HD
4) S- Video is used to connect laptops or DVD players to TVs. It provides only video input and audio cables need to be connect ed separately.
5) HDMI provides digital interface that enables 100% transmissions of both visual and audio signals. It supports upto 8 multi channel digital audio.
6) USB Port lets you hook an external hard drive to show pictures, videos and even play games through the TV. In other cases you could use the USB socket to hook up a wireless dongle, giving your TV access to your home Wi-Fi network.
Common features found in televisions:
3) MHL allows sharing of content without a computer. Just plug in from any digital device that supports a USB connection.
2) Screen Mirroring connects the phone to the TV wirelessly, without any connecting cables. User sees exactly what's on the phone or tablet's screen displayed on bigger screen with sound from the phone reproduced loud and clear through TV speaker. This works with any Mira cast compatible android smart phone.
3) DLNA Digital Living Network Alliance helps share unlimited photos, videos and music stored in compatible devices. Sharing can be done between devices which are certified by DLNA. Sharing can be done between devices which are certified by DLNA.
4) USB Support: Photos, music and videos can be played directly from flash drive. All mass storage devices supported. Many televisions support Hard drive up to 500GB.
Suggesting TVs as per viewing distance
To select a right TV some things are to be considered such as size, technology frame rate. Above all the viewing distance will help in selecting the right TV.1)Multiply the TV screen size by 1.2 (minimum distance) and 1.9 (maximum distance) respectively
2) Divide the result by 12 to get the minimum and maximum viewing distance.
| Screen Size | Min.Viewing Distance | Max.Viewing Distance |
| 40" | 4' | 6.3' |
| 42" | 4.2' | 6.7' |
| 46" | 4.6' | 7.3' |
| 47" | 4.7' | 7.4' |
| 50" | 5' | 7.9' |
| 55" | 5.5' | 8.7' |
| 65" | 6.5' | 10.3' |
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